Taxonomic list T3F, primary language: EN, subsidiary: LA, interface: EN, work in progress

segment of neuraxis

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Top level cardinal part of organ Short Extended
Level 2 segment of organ Short Extended
Current level segment of neuraxis Short
Subsidiary language with Latin
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Taxonomic list
FMAID TA UID
Short English equivalent
Short official Latin term
256237 19587
segment of neuraxis
segmentum neuraxis
50801 5257 part
encephalon
encephalon
55676 19588
segment of central nervous system
segmentum systematis nervosi centralis
61815 19589
segmentum principale encephali
61992 5262 part
prosencephalon
prosencephalon
61993 5261 part
mesencephalon ; midbrain
mesencephalon
67687 5258 part
rhombencephalon
rhombencephalon
61996 19590
segment of prosencephalon
segmentum prosencephali
62000 5264 part
telencephalon ; cerebrum
telencephalon ; cerebrum
62374 19593
segment of telencephalon
segmentum telencephali
61820 18769
segment of cerebral hemisphere
segmentum hemispherii cerebri
5982 part
superolateral surface of cerebral hemisphere
facies superolateralis hemispherii cerebri
6037 part
inferomedial surface of cerebral hemisphere
facies inferomedialis hemispherii cerebri
83874 5973 part
cerebral gyrus T4 214 children
gyrus cerebri
274528 11516
gyrus of limbic lobe
gyrus lobi limbici
275048 8717 part
limbic gyrus ; outer ring of limbic lobe
gyrus limbicus
62434 6067 part
cingulate gyrus ; gyrus of girdle
gyrus cingularis
61918 6070 part
parahippocampal gyrus
gyrus parahippocampalis
8734 part
ambient gyrus
gyrus ambiens
8736 part
semilunar gyrus
gyrus semilunaris
8737 part
uncinate gyrus
gyrus uncinatus
275054 8739 part
intralimbic gyrus ; uncal apex
gyrus intralimbicus
8738 part
limbus of dentate gyrus
limbus fasciae dentatae
74038 8721 part
hippocampal formation ; inner ring of limbic lobe
formatio hippocampi
61922 6073 part
dentate gyrus ; dentate fascia
gyrus dentatus ; fascia dentata
61921 6069 part
fasciolar gyrus
gyrus fasciolaris
277772 18307
segment of hippocampal formation
segmentum formationis hippocampi
277774 8722 part
precommissural part of hippocampus
pars precommissuralis hippocampi
8723 part
supracommissural part of hippocampus
pars supracommissuralis hippocampi
62488 6082 part
indusium griseum
indusium griseum
62439 6083 part
lateral longitudinal stria
stria longitudinalis lateralis
67956 6084 part
medial longitudinal stria
stria longitudinalis medialis
277777 8724 part
proper hippocampus ; retrocommissural part of hippocampus
hippocampus proprius ; pars retrocommissuralis hippocampi
12253 part
subdivision of proper hippocampus
divisio hippocampi proprii
274516 11497
gyrus of frontal lobe
gyrus lobi frontalis
274406 11028 part
frontopolar area
area frontopolaris
274408 11029 part
superior frontopolar gyrus
gyrus frontopolaris superior
274420 11032 part
middle frontopolar gyrus
gyrus frontopolaris medius
274414 11034 part
inferior frontopolar gyrus
gyrus frontopolaris inferior
61860 5994 part
inferior frontal gyrus
gyrus frontalis inferior
273103 5999 part
middle frontal gyrus
gyrus frontalis medius
61857 6002 part
superior frontal gyrus
gyrus frontalis superior
61894 6000 part
precentral gyrus
gyrus precentralis
274504 11035 part
frontomarginal gyrus of frontal lobe
gyrus frontomarginalis lobi frontalis
12159 part
paracingulate gyrus
gyrus paracingularis
61919 6048 part
paraterminal gyrus
gyrus paraterminalis
72019 6050 part
paraolfactory gyrus
gyrus paraolfactorius
256194 6052 part
orbital gyrus
gyrus orbitalis
62419 8675 part
medial orbital gyrus
gyrus orbitalis medialis
256196 8676 part
anterior orbital gyrus
gyrus orbitalis anterior
80184 8677 part
posterior orbital gyrus
gyrus orbitalis posterior
62418 8678 part
lateral orbital gyrus
gyrus orbitalis lateralis
12160 part
posteromedial orbital lobule
lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis
12161 part
posterolateral orbital region
regio orbitalis posterolateralis
61893 6054 part
straight gyrus
gyrus rectus
274526 6031 part
insular gyrus
gyrus insulae
67555 6032 part
long gyrus of islet
gyrus longus insulae
274723 11498 part
anterior long gyrus of islet
gyrus longus anterior insulae
274729 11508 part
posterior long gyrus of islet
gyrus longus posterior insulae
61913 6033 part
short gyrus of islet
gyrus brevis insulae
274705 11509 part
anterior short gyrus of islet
gyrus brevis anterior insulae
274711 11510 part
middle short gyrus of islet
gyrus brevis medius insulae
274717 11511 part
posterior short gyrus of islet
gyrus brevis posterior insulae
12167 part
transverse gyrus of islet
gyrus transversus insulae
61915 11513 part
anterior accessory gyrus of islet
gyrus accessorius anterior insulae
75266 6036 part
limen of islet
limen insulae
274522 11500
gyrus of occipital lobe
gyrus lobi occipitalis
61901 8701 part
superior occipital gyrus
gyrus occipitalis superior
61902 8702 part
middle occipital gyrus
gyrus occipitalis medius
273129 8703 part
inferior occipital gyrus
gyrus occipitalis inferior
274557 8691 part
descending occipital gyrus
gyrus occipitalis descendens
61903 6060 part
cuneus
cuneus
61904 6062 part
lingular gyrus ; medial occipitotemporal gyrus
gyrus lingularis ; gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis
274520 11503
gyrus of parietal lobe
gyrus lobi parietalis
61896 6009 part
postcentral gyrus
gyrus postcentralis
61899 6011 part
superior parietal lobule
lobulus parietalis superior
77536 6006 part
inferior parietal lobule
lobulus parietalis inferior
61900 6059 part
precuneus
precuneus
274518 11507
gyrus of temporal lobe
gyrus lobi temporalis
61905 6019 part
superior temporal gyrus
gyrus temporalis superior
71043 8710 part
polar plane
planum polare
61908 6063 part
fusiform gyrus ; lateral occipitotemporal gyrus
gyrus fusiformis ; gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis
71045 6024 part
temporal plane
planum temporale
61906 6027 part
middle temporal gyrus
gyrus temporalis medius
61907 6029 part
inferior temporal gyrus
gyrus temporalis inferior
273671 6021 part
transverse temporal gyrus
gyrus temporalis transversus
61909 6022 part
anterior transverse temporal gyrus
gyrus temporalis transversus anterior
61910 6023 part
posterior transverse temporal gyrus
gyrus temporalis transversus posterior
77538 6058 part
posterior paracentral gyrus
gyrus paracentralis posterior
12438 part
interlobar gyrus
gyrus interlobaris
12439 part
insular operculum
operculum insulare
274737 8666 part
subcentral gyrus
gyrus subcentralis
77534 6045 part
paracentral lobule
lobulus paracentralis
77537 6046 part
anterior paracentral gyrus
gyrus paracentralis anterior
61823 5974 part
cerebral lobe T4 18 children
lobus cerebri
61824 5991 part
frontal lobe
lobus frontalis
61826 6004 part
parietal lobe
lobus parietalis
67325 6013 part
occipital lobe
lobus occipitalis
61825 6017 part
temporal lobe
lobus temporalis
67329 6030 part
islet ; insular lobe
insula
72719 6066 part
limbic lobe
lobus limbicus
67957 11525
segmentum gyri cerebri
274569 11549
segment of gyrus of frontal lobe
segmentum gyri lobi frontalis
61979 12423
segment of inferior frontal gyrus
segmentum gyri frontalis inferioris
61982 5995 part
orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus
pars orbitalis gyri frontalis inferioris
61980 5996 part
triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus
pars triangularis gyri frontalis inferioris
61981 5997 part
opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus
pars opercularis gyri frontalis inferioris
70671 12424
segment of middle frontal gyrus
segmentum gyri frontalis medii
70672 12425
segment of superior frontal gyrus
segmentum gyri frontalis superioris
274573 12427
segment of gyrus of parietal lobe
segmentum gyri lobi parietalis
274530 12432
segment of inferior parietal lobule
segmentum lobuli parietalis inferioris
61898 6005 part
angular gyrus
gyrus angularis
61897 6012 part
supramarginal gyrus of parietal lobe
gyrus supramarginalis lobi parietalis
274579 12428
segment of gyrus of occipital lobe
segmentum gyri lobi occipitalis
274571 12429
segment of gyrus of temporal lobe
segmentum gyri lobi temporalis
70676 18303
segment of superior temporal gyrus
segmentum gyri temporalis superioris
70701 8706 part
anterior part of superior temporal gyrus ; secondary auditory cortex ; belt area
pars anterior gyri temporalis superioris ; cortex auditorius secundarius
70703 8708 part
posterior part of superior temporal gyrus
pars posterior gyri temporalis superioris
18304
segment of fusiform gyrus
segmentum gyri fusiformis
12164 part
medial part of fusiform gyrus
pars medialis gyri fusiformis
12165 part
lateral part of fusiform gyrus
pars lateralis gyri fusiformis
275026 12430
segment of gyrus of limbic lobe
segmentum gyri lobi limbici
62483 13277
segment of cingulate gyrus
segmentum gyri cingularis
61916 8718 part
anterior cingulate cortex
pars anterior gyri cingularis
276530 8720 part
midcingulate cortex
pars media gyri cingularis
61924 8726 part
posterior cingulate cortex
pars posterior gyri cingularis
62502 6068 part
isthmus of cingulate gyrus
isthmus gyri cingularis
62478 13279
segment of parahippocampal gyrus
segmentum gyri parahippocampalis
74884 6071 part
uncus
uncus
275028 13280
segment of hippocampal formation
segmentum
323277 6146 part
pes of hippocampus
pes hippocampi
6147 part
hippocampal digitation
digitatio hippocampi
275036 9275 part
head of hippocampus ; anterior segment
caput hippocampi ; segmentum anterius hippocampi
275030 9278 part
body of hippocampus ; middle segment of hippocampus
corpus hippocampi ; segmentum medium hippocampi
275042 9294 part
tail of hippocampus ; posterior segment of hippocampus
cauda hippocampi ; segmentum posterius hippocampi
275093 8757 part
fasciola cinerea
fasciola cinerea
74041 9295 part
hippocampal field
regio hippocampi
74042 6151 part
CA1 field
cornu ammonis 1
72044 6152 part
CA2 field
cornu ammonis 2
72045 6153 part
CA3 field
cornu ammonis 3
75741 6154 part
CA3h field
cornu ammonis ammonis
77604 6145 part
parasubiculum
parasubiculum
62486 6148 part
presubiculum
presubiculum
74414 6149 part
subiculum
subiculum
274575 12431
segment of insular gyrus
segmentum gyri insulae
273506 12436
segment of paracentral lobule
segmentum lobuli paracentralis
256204 12422
segment of cerebral lobe
segmentum lobi cerebri
274337 18293
segment of frontal lobe
segmentum lobi frontalis
274359 8658 part
superolateral surface of frontal lobe
facies superolateralis lobi frontalis
274366 9118 part
inferomedial surface of frontal lobe
facies inferomedialis lobi frontalis
8683 part
olfactory structure
structura olfactoria
61826 18296
segment of parietal lobe
segmentum lobi parietalis
8698 part
superolateral surface of parietal lobe
facies superolateralis lobi parietalis
9120 part
inferomedial surface of parietal lobe
facies inferomedialis lobi parietalis
67325 18297
segment of occipital lobe
segmentum lobi occipitalis
8700 part
superolateral surface of occipital lobe
facies superolateralis lobi occipitalis
9125 part
inferomedial surface of occipital lobe
facies inferomedialis lobi occipitalis
61825 18298
segment of temporal lobe
segmentum lobi temporalis
8705 part
superolateral surface of temporal lobe
facies superolateralis lobi temporalis
9129 part
inferomedial surface of temporal lobe
facies inferomedialis lobi temporalis
18305
segment of islet
segmentum insulae
9241 part
claustral peripaleocortical region
regio peripaleocorticalis claustralis
62001 5263 part
diencephalon
diencephalon
62005 19594
segment of diencephalon
segmentum diencephali
61817 5971 part
cerebral hemisphere
hemispherium cerebri
61997 19591
segmentum mesencephali
83902 5669 part
tectum of mesencephalon
tectum mesencephali
62398 19595
segment of tectum of mesencephalon
segmentum tecti mesencephali
62404 11964
inferior colliculus
colliculus inferior
62403 12437
superior colliculus
colliculus superior
62393 5578 part
tegmentum of mesencephalon
tegmentum mesencephali
62399 19596
segment of tegmentum of mesencephalon
segmentum tegmenti mesencephali
7479 part
central structure of mesencephalon
structura centralis mesencephali
11866 part
isthmus of rhombencephalon
isthmus rhombencephali
61998 19592
segmentum rhombencephali
11865 part
rostral rhombencephalon ; rostral hindbrain
rhombencephalon rostrale
72244 5431 part
pons ; basilar part of rostral rhombencephalon
pons ; pars basilaris rhombencephali rostralis
11874 part
caudal rhombencephalon ; caudal hindbrain
rhombencephalon caudale
77700 6167 part
basal forebrain proper
pars basalis telencephali proprii; prosencephalon basale
61997 18331
segment of mesencephalon
segmentum mesencephali
62398 18332
segment of tectum of mesencephalon
segmentum tecti mesencephali
62403 5586 part
superior colliculus
colliculus superior
62404 5585 part
inferior colliculus
colliculus inferior
7647 5138 part
spinal cord
medulla spinalis
184 items
412 entities
Scientific notes
UID
Libelle of note
5263
The Diencephalon in its classic, columnar view was divided into four dorsoventrally arranged columns separated by ventricular sulci: the Epithalamus, the Dorsal thalamus, the Ventral thalamus and the Hypothalamus. Extensive embryological studies made it clear that the thalamic 'columns' are derived from transversely oriented zones, the Prosomeres (see TE). Currently, the (Caudal) Diencephalon is subdivided into three segmental units, which from caudal to rostral, contain in their alar domains the Pretectum (prosomere 1 or P1), the Epithalamus and the Thalamus (P2) and the Ventral thalamus or Prethalamus (P3). The diencephalic basal plate contains the rostral part of the Substantia nigra-VTA complex and some other nuclei, collectively forming the Diencephalic or Prerubral tegmentum between the Mesencephalon and the Hypothalamus. The entire Hypothalamus or Rostral diencephalon arises from the alar and basal components of the secondary prosencephalon. The Preoptic area is one of the subpallial developmental domains (Puelles L, Harrison M, Paxinos G, Watson C 2013 A developmental ontology for the mammalian brain based on the prosomeric model. Trends Neurosci 36:570-578).
5971
Some new items have been added from ten Donkelaar HJ, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Mai JK (2018) Toward a common terminology for the gyri and sulci of the human cerebral cortex. Front Neuroanat 12:93.
5996
For subdivision of Broca’s area, see Amunts K, Schleicher A, Bürgel U, et al. (1999 Broca’s region revisited: Cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol 412:319-341). The Sulcus diagonalis (of Eberstaller) is a variable branch of the Sulcus lateralis, dividing the Pars opercularis into two parts. The Sulcus radiatus (of Eberstaller) may indent the Pars triangularis from above.
6005
See note # 6006
6006
The Angular and supramarginal gyri form with the Parietal operculum the Lobulus parietalis inferior (Inferior parietal lobule or IPL). The Gyrus angularis (Angular gyrus; BA39) can be further subdivided (see Caspers S, Amunts K, Zilles K 2012 Posterior parietal cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1036-1035). The Operculum parietale (Parietal operculum) contains four cytoarchitectonic, functionally defined areas OP1-4 (see Eickhoff S, Schleicher A, Zilles K, Amunts K 2006a The human parietal operculum. I. Cytoarchitectonic mapping of subdivisions. Cereb Cortex 16:254-267; Eickhoff S, Amunts K, Mohlberg H, Zilles K 2006b Stereotaxic maps and correlation with functional imaginig results. Cereb Cortex 16:268-279). The Gyrus supramarginalis (Supramarginal gyrus; BA40) can be further subdivided (see Caspers et al. 2012).
6011
The Lobulus parietalis superior (Superior parietal lobule or SPL) can be divided into a Preparietal area (BA5 with subdivisions) and a Superior parietal area (BA7 with subdivisions; see Scheperjans F, Eickhoff SB, Mohlberg H, et al. 2008 Probabilistic maps, cytoarchitectonic morphometry, and variability of areas in human superior parietal cortex. Cereb Cortex 18:2141-2157).
6012
See note # 6006
6019
The Gyrus temporalis superior (Superior temporal gyrus; BA22) is not a homogeneous cortical area; it contains various cytoarchitectonically and functionally distinct cortical areas. Its Pars anterior (Anterior part or Belt area) forms the Secondary auditory cortex (BA42 or A2; see Morosan P, Rademacher J, Schleicher A, et al. 2001 Human primary auditory cortex: Cytoarchitecture, subdivisions and mapping into a spatial reference system. Neuroimage 13:684-701; Zilles and Amunts 2012). Its Pars posterior (Posterior part or Wernicke's area) is a loosely defined region which comprises the Posterior part of BA22 but also parts of the Inferior parietal lobule.
6021
The Dorsal part of the Gyrus temporalis superior contains three Sulci temporales transversi (Transverse temporal sulci): the Planum polare (Polar plane) is separated from the Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl by the Sulcus temporalis transversus anterior (Anterior transverse temporal sulcus), the Gyri temporales transversi (Transverse temporal gyri) are subdivided by the Sulcus temporalis transversus intermedius (Intermediate transverse temporal sulcus), and the Planum temporale (Temporal plane) is separated from the Posterior transverse temporal gyrus by the Sulcus temporalis transversus posterior (Posterior transverse temporal sulcus or Heschl's sulcus; see Duvernoy 1992).
6024
See note # 6021
6029
For the Inferomedial aspect of the Temporal lobe, usually the terms Gyrus temporalis inferior (T3), Gyrus fusiformis (T4) and Gyrus parahippocampalis (T5) are used, separated by the Occipitotemporal and the Collateral sulci.
6030
See note # 9188
6052
The following Gyri orbitales can be distinguished: 1) the Gyrus orbitalis medialis, the gyrus between the olfactory sulcus and the medial orbital sulcus; 2) the Gyrus orbitalis anterior, the cortex rostral to the transverse orbital sulcus; 3) the Gyrus orbitalis posterior, the cortex caudal to the transverse orbital sulcus; and 4) the Gyrus orbitalis lateralis, the gyrus lateral to the lateral orbital sulcus. The caudal parts of the medial and posterior orbital gyri merge to form the Lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis as described by Türe U, Yasargil DCH, Al-Mefti O, Yasargil MC (1999 Topographic anatomy of the insular region. J Neurosurg 90:720-733) and Naidich TP, Kang E, Fatterpekar GM, et al. (2004 The insula: Anatomic study and MR imaging display at 1.5T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 25:222-232). Mai and Majtanik (2017 Human Brain in Standard MNI Space. Academic/Elsevier, San Diego) also described a Regio orbitalis posterolateralis.
6067
The Gyrus cingularis (Cingulate gyrus) can at least be divided into an Anterior, a Posterior and a Retrosplenial part. Vogt BA, Palomero-Gallagher N (2012 Cingulate cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 943-987) added a Midcingulate cortex.
6069
See note # 8762
6071
The Uncus is treated in various ways: 1) as the rostral part of the Parahippocampal gyrus; 2) as a structure on its own. TNA suggests the latter. Insausti R and Amaral DG (2012 Hippocampal formation. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 896-942) advocated to restrict the term Uncus to the Gyrus uncinatus, the Band or limbus of Giacomini and the Gyrus intralimbicus (or Uncal apex). The Sulcus semianularis (Semi-anular sulcus) separates the Ambient and Semilunar sulci (see Duvernoy HM 1992, 1998 The Human Hippocampus, 2nd ed. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York). The Gyrus uncinatus is the most rostral part of Uncal bulge, according to Insausti and Amaral (2012) and part of field CA1. The Limbus fasciae dentatae (Band of dentate gyrus) is the Middle part of the Uncus, first described by Giacomini CH (1884 Fascia dentata du grand hippocampe dans le cerveau de l'homme. Arch Ital Biol 5:1-16, 205-209, 396-417) and part of the Dentate gyrus. The Gyrus intralimbicus (Intralimbic gyrus or Uncal apex) is the most caudal part of the Uncal bulge and part of field CA3.
6167
Under this Heading the structures presented in TA as Substantia basalis, Substantia innominata and Area septalis are grouped. Reichert's 'Substantia innominata' was for a long time a 'terra incognita' of the Basal forebrain. The extensive studies by Heimer and colleagues (Heimer L, Harlan RE, Alheid GF, et al. 1997 Substantia innominata: A notion which impedes clinico-anatomical correlations in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 76:957-1006; Heimer et al. 1999; Sakamoto et al. 1999) make the term SI more or less superfluous.
8666
Usually, the Sulcus centralis does not reach the Sulcus lateralis and is separated from it by a short gyrus, the Gyrus subcentralis, which is formed by the 'fusion' of the Precentral and Postcentral gyri in their ventralmost parts. The Subcentral gyrus is delimited in front and behind by the Anterior and Posterior subcentral sulci (Dejerine 1895; Duvernoy 1992; Petrides and Pandya 2012). Also known as: Central or Rolandic operculum, and Inferior frontoparietal 'pli de passage'.
8675
See note # 6052
8676
See note # 6052
8677
See note # 6052
8678
See note # 6052
8706
See note # 6019
8708
See note # 6019
8724
Field CA4 appears to correspond most closely to the polymorph zone of the Dentate gyrus, and, therefore, is not a field of the Hippocampus at all. Amaral and Insausti (Amaral DG, Insausti R 1990 Hippocampal formation. In: Paxinos G, ed: The Human Nervous System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 711-755) suggested the term 'CA3h' for the pyramidal cells within the hilus ('h'), continuous with CA3.
8734
See note # 6071
8736
See note # 6071
8737
See note # 6071
8738
See note # 6071
8739
In the French literature, for the Inner ring of the Limbic lobe the term Gyrus intralimbicus is used. In the German literature, however, this term is used for the Uncal apex.
8757
See note # 8762
12159
See note # 12158
12160
See note # 6052
12161
See note # 6052
Signature
Type of list T3F
List Unit Identifier 19587
Sublist 1 5973 gyrus cerebri 214/81 on 18.11.2018
Sublist 2 5974 lobus cerebri 18/7 on 3.1.2025
Sublist 3 11525 segmentum gyri cerebri 96/45 on 3.5.2025
Sublist 4 19589 segmentum principalis encephali 3/4 on 21.6.2024
Sublist 5 19591 segmentum mesencephali 7/8 on 3.5.2025
Sublist 6 19592 segmentum rhombencephali 3/4 on 21.6.2024
Subtotals subchildren 341 subunits 149
Proper children 70
Number of children 411 (validated)
Proper units 35
Number of units 184 (validated)
Signature 10842 (validated since 3.5.2025)
Date: 25.05.2025